کالیستو (قمر) اوچون قایناغا باخین

{{Infobox planet
| name = Callisto
| alt_names = Jupiter IV
| adjectives = Callistoan, Callistonian
| image = Callisto.jpg
| caption = Callisto's anti-Jovian hemisphere imaged in 2001 by NASA's ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]'' spacecraft. It shows a heavily cratered terrain. The large [[Complex crater|impact structure]] [[Asgard (crater)|Asgard]] is on the limb at upper right. The prominent [[Ray system|rayed crater]] below and just right of center is [[Bran (crater)|Bran]].
| bgcolour = #a0ffa0
| discovery = yes
| discoverer = [[قالیلئو قالیله]]
| discovered = 7 January 1610<ref name=Galilei/>
| semimajor = 1&nbsp;882&nbsp;700&nbsp;km<ref name=orbit/>
| eccentricity = {{val|0.0074}}<ref name=orbit/>
| periapsis = {{val|1869000|u=km}}<ref group=lower-alpha>Periapsis is derived from the semimajor axis (''a'') and eccentricity (''e''): <math>a(1-e)</math>.</ref>
| apoapsis = {{val|1897000|u=km}}<ref group=lower-alpha>Apoapsis is derived from the semimajor axis (''a'') and eccentricity (''e''): <math>a(1+e)</math>.</ref>
| period = {{val|16.6890184|ul=d}}<ref name=orbit/>
| avg_speed = {{val|8.204|u=km/s}}
| inclination = 2.017° (to the [[ecliptic]])<br>0.192° (to local [[Laplace plane]]s)<ref name=orbit/>
| satellite_of = [[موشتری]]
| physical_characteristics = yes
| mean_radius = {{val|2410.3|1.5|u=km}} (0.378 Earths)<ref name="Anderson 2001"/>
| surface_area = {{val|7.30|e=7|u=km2}} (0.143 Earths)<ref group=lower-alpha>Surface area derived from the radius (''r''): <math>4\pi r^2</math>.</ref>
| volume = {{val|5.9|e=10|u=km3}} (0.0541 Earths)<ref group=lower-alpha>Volume derived from the radius (''r''): <math>\frac{4}{3}\pi r^3</math>.</ref>
| mass = {{val|1.075938|0.000137|e=23|u=kg}} (0.018 Earths)<ref name="Anderson 2001"/>
| density = {{val|1.8344|0.0034|u=g/cm3}}<ref name="Anderson 2001"/>
| surface_grav = {{val|1.235|ul=m/s2}} (0.126 ''[[g-force|g]]'')<ref group=lower-alpha>Surface gravity derived from the mass (''m''), the [[gravitational constant]] (''G'') and the radius (''r''): <math>\frac{Gm}{r^2}</math>.</ref>
| moment_of_inertia_factor = {{val|0.359|0.005}}<ref name="Showman1999">{{cite journal|last1= Showman|first1=A. P.|last2= Malhotra|first2= R.|title=The Galilean Satellites|url= https://archive.org/details/sim_science_1999-10-01_286_5437/page/77|journal= Science|volume= 286|issue= 5437|date= 1 October 1999|pages =77–84|doi= 10.1126/science.286.5437.77|pmid=10506564}}</ref> (estimate)
| escape_velocity = 2.440&nbsp;km/s<ref group=lower-alpha>Escape velocity derived from the mass (''m''), the [[gravitational constant]] (''G'') and the radius (''r''): <math>\textstyle\sqrt{\frac{2Gm}{r}}</math>.</ref>
| rotation = [[synchronous rotation|synchronous]]<ref name="Anderson 2001"/>
| axial_tilt = zero<ref name="Anderson 2001"/>
| albedo = 0.22 (geometric)<ref name=Moore2004/>
| magnitude = 5.65 ([[Opposition (astronomy)|opposition]])<ref name=magnitude>{{cite web|title=Classic Satellites of the Solar System|url=http://www.oarval.org/ClasSaten.htm|publisher=Observatorio ARVAL|accessdate=13 July 2007|archivedate=2013-10-22|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022050609/http://oarval.org/ClasSaten.htm}}</ref>
| atmosphere = yes
| surface_pressure = {{val|7.5|u=[[bar (unit)|picobar]]}}<ref name="Carlson 1999"/> ({{val|7.5e-10|u=[[Pascal (unit)|kPa]]}}, {{val|7.4019e-12|ul=atm}})
| atmosphere_composition = ≈&thinsp;{{val|4|e=8|u=molecules/cm<sup>3</sup>}} [[کربون دیاوکسید]];<ref name="Carlson 1999"/><br>up to {{val|2|e=10|u=molecules/cm<sup>3</sup>}} [[molecular oxygen]](O<sub>2</sub>)<ref name="Liang 2005"/>
}}

'''کالیستو''' ([[اینگیلیس دیلی]]: Callisto) (kəˈlɪstoʊ kə-LIS-toe, یا به یونانی Καλλιστώ) [[موشتری]] دوْغا [[موشتری اویدولاری|قمرلریندن]] بیریدیر. 1610جو ایلده [[قالیلئو قالیلئ]] بو قمری تاپیب.گۆنش سیستمینده یئکه لیقده اۆچۆنجۆ اویدودور. دولانماق یورونقوسونون شوعاسی 1.880.000 کیلومتره دیر.<ref> "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology.</ref>.

[[File:001221 Cassini Jupiter & Europa & Callisto.jpg|thumb|upright|کالیستو سول الده, موشتری ساغ الده]]

==قایناق==
{{اتک‌یازی}}


{{گونش سیستمی}}
[[بؤلمه:نوجوم]]